Chemical looping technology is a manifestation of the interplay among multiple physical and chemical activities in different scales directly associated with metal derivative science and engineering. These activities encompass those of (1) molecular scale concerning electrons, anions, cations, vacancies migration, and their interaction chemistry, (2) granular scale concerning materials formulation, particle synthesis, redox thermodynamics, kinetics and mechanical stresses, (3) reactor scale concerning reducer and oxidizer reactor configurations, desired gas and solid reactant contact modes, multiphase flow mechanics and operating conditions, and (4) system scale concerning optimal process scheme and economic product yields. Such multiscale interplay is so complex that it has been over 100 years that the chemical looping technology has not been able to be successfully commercially deployed. The major advances made recently, however, have changed the outlook of this technology of which the commercialization is now realistically realizable. Using metal oxides as an example, these advances include the successful development of chemically, physically robust metal oxide oxygen carriers that are sustainable to long-term redox reaction and reactor environments. They also include the successful employment of CO2 as a partial substitute of carbonaceous feedstock for combustion, gasification and reforming applications, thereby yielding CO2 negative chemical looping processes, while contributing to CO2 utilization. Further, these advances coupled with novel reactor designs and process configurations, and recurrent neural network-based fault detection techniques ease the process operation while giving rise to appreciable reduction in the capex over that from conventional process systems in the production of various products such as electricity, hydrogen, syngas, liquid fuels, and chemicals. The general reaction schemes of chemical looping can also have varied technological implication, featuring it as the platform technology. This presentation will describe the historical perspectives and lessons learned, over the years, from global efforts on conceptualization and research and development activities of this technology, their subsequent advances to current commercial readiness, and impact on future technology choices in processing carbonaceous feedstocks to meet the decarbonization operation requirement. The presentation will also highlight the multiscale approach to the chemical looping platform technology development and feature the industrial efforts in commercializing the Ohio State University (OSU) platform technology, that the author’s team has developed, by OSU licensees for hydrogen generation. The tech-economic analysis of the chemical looping processes will also be discussed in comparison with the classical hydrogen production processes.