Understanding and quantifying site effects at regional to national scales is essential for developing seismic hazard models that realistically capture the expected ground shaking. Historically, the National Building Code of Canada (NBCC) accounted for site effects by applying foundation factors to reference-site hazard values derived from Canada’s National Seismic Hazard Model. A major update in 2020 integrated site-effect calculations directly into the hazard model, marking a significant shift toward a more comprehensive treatment of the variability in ground conditions across Canada. Current and future efforts focus on incorporating explicit considerations for deep sedimentary basins, characterizing variability in site amplification across Canada, and addressing unique challenges posed by glaciated terrains with soft material over hard rock. This presentation will review how site effects are incorporated into Canada’s National Seismic Hazard Model and the National Building Code of Canada, highlighting recent advancements, remaining limitations, and implications for engineering practice.