Peatlands in Canada’s boreal regions have been disturbed by the construction of hundreds of thousands of kilometers of resource access roads. Road construction is undertaken by a range of industrial sectors, including forestry, mining, and oil and gas. Road use can result in transport of road dust into surrounding ecosystems, where it represents a potentially significant source of atmospheric nutrient input. Despite this, the effects of road dust on ecosystem function in minerotrophic boreal fens has received relatively little research attention. Accordingly, we quantified dust fall rates and the associated impacts on biogeochemistry in a rich fen bisected by an access road in the Athabasca Oil Sands Region. Dust fall rates were quantified monthly during one growing season using dust fall collectors placed at distances of 25, 125, and 450 m from each side of the road. Biogeochemical characteristics were assessed by measuring pore water nutrient concentrations and peat bulk nutrient content at six distances on both sides of the road including each dust collection site. Effects on fen vegetation were characterized through quantification of foliar nutrient content in moss capitula and dwarf birch leaves. We predicted that dust fall rates would reflect distance from the road and prevailing wind direction. We also predicted that differences in nutrient concentrations in mosses would reflect the distribution of dust deposition whereas nutrient concentrations in birch leaves would reflect differences in pore water nutrient concentrations. We will conclude by discussing the implications of this study for resource access road planning, construction, and decommissioning.