This project investigates the impacts of changing landscapes—specifically agricultural intensification through increased row cropping and tile-drained agriculture—on nutrient loading (phosphorus [P] and nitrogen [N]) and sediment fluxes in a paired watershed study comparing east-central and northwestern Ontario. These processes have important implications for eutrophication and harmful algal blooms in the Great Lakes and other freshwater systems. Despite this, few studies examine the differential effects of tile drainage on particulate versus dissolved nutrient losses across contrasting landscapes. Tile drainage systems typically reduce surface runoff and soil erosion, resulting in lower losses of particulate phosphorus (PP). However, tile effluent is often enriched in dissolved forms of P and N, which are more bioavailable and readily transported to surface waters. The kinetic energy of tile outflows can also enhance streambank and bed erosion, mobilizing particulate-bound or “legacy” P stored in channel sediments. In addition, piped discharge may increase local flow velocities, particularly in artificially straightened channels, thereby increasing bank instability and erosional losses. This study addresses this gap through a two-part approach. First, we quantify long-term changes in stream morphology and climate in regions that have experienced substantial landscape modification. Second, intensive in situ sampling of water and sediment following the BACI approach is used to quantify nutrient and sediment losses. Preliminary results indicate tile drainage increases total phosphorus (TP) and total suspended sediment (TSS) in rivers downstream of the outlets, whereas NO3-N is high in the tile outlets, but remains relatively the same upstream and downstream.