The Boreal Plains Ecozone of western Canada is predicted to have longer periods of summer drought over the next century, leading to an increase in the extent, frequency, and intensity of fire on the landscape. Further, many peatlands in the region are forested, where high canopy fuel load and deep smoldering of peat can cause large carbon losses. Therefore, fuel management treatments within forested peatlands likely will be needed, especially at the wildland-urban interface. We tested how fuel management treatments impact peatland carbon losses and subsequent recovery on a centennial scale using the Canadian Model for Peatlands (Version 2.0). Combinations of four different treatments (clearfell, thin, mulch, and compress) and their impact on depth of burn were parametrized using field experiment data from northern Alberta, Canada. Mulch addition to the peat surface reduced peat carbon loss from fire despite surface compression. Feathermoss mortality due to tree removal resulted in greater peat carbon loss from fire and a longer recovery time than under control conditions. Although surface compression reduced depth of burn, higher peat density meant that this treatment also resulted in larger peat carbon losses from fire. All treatments had a net accumulation of peat over the tested fire return interval of 150 years. However, if the fire return interval is reduced by 25 years, soil carbon stocks did not recover from fire in compression treatments. Future work will investigate how the probability of fire occurring impacts the potential of a given treatment to reduce peat carbon loss.