This presentation examines how settler-colonial societies employ what I term “agricultural violence” as a mechanism of land control (Peluso & Lund 2011) and peasant dispossession. I explore how this form of violence extends beyond direct attacks on peasants’ bodies to target the non-human components of the rural environment—livestock, crops, water sources, and landscapes. Since land control often operates as an extra-legal appropriation practice, agricultural violence is not directly executed by the state but rather by irregular armed forces with both tacit and overt backing from formal security forces and politicians. While critical agrarian studies have primarily analyzed peasant dispossession through economic and institutional mechanisms, often linked to global land-grab regimes, this presentation focuses on agricultural violence as a distinct settler-colonial practice. I illustrate these ideas through an analysis of Israel’s evolving land control strategies in the West Bank, where recent scholarship has described the colonization process as one of “metropolization”—the establishment of urban, gated communities in Area C, commonly referred to as “settlements.” However, I argue that this process has transitioned into what I term the “ruralization” of Israel’s colonization through the proliferation of settler agricultural farms and outposts. These ruralized outposts exert land control through systematic violence not only against Palestinian peasants and herders but also against their land-based livelihoods—targeting sheep, goats, and cattle; olive trees and wheat fields; water sources; agricultural infrastructure; and the broader landscape itself. This violence is perpetrated by individuals and groups I conceptualize as “citizen-soldiers”—irregular armed forces functioning as local militias under the protection of the Israeli army and police, with both formal and informal support from national and local authorities. Through this case study, I analyze how agricultural violence renders land unviable for one group and viable for another. While rooted in the West Bank, this study may provide insights into contemporary modes of peasant dispossession in other contexts of land control.