This paper identifies the critical connection between Indigenous place-based knowledge and the relationships with the more-than-human world embedded in the Shuar landscape of the Ecuadorian Amazon. Our findings speak to those potential more-than-human beings for knowledge production within Shuar science. We highlight Shuar’s relational epi-ontology of the Ecuadorian Amazonian landscape by drawing from a conceptual framework that includes the more-than-human and framing of interconnect-ed Indigenous theoretical determinants of planetary health. By examining the interrelations between human and non-human nature, Indigenous Knowledge systems understand how to listen to the wisdom of Mother Earth. This communication can aid in biodiversity conservation and restoration. Based on informant interviews, we explore the current crisis of the Shuar Peoples’ dispossession from their lands and concurrent dispossession of Shuar science. The term ‘Thinking Earth,’ from the Shuar phrase Anen-taim-sa-tin-Nunka Spanish ‘Pensamiento de la Tierra,’ untangles this idea of embodied knowledge within ancestral territories and articulates the web of relationships with the more-than-human world for the Shuar. We conclude that the disruption of this knowledge is detrimental to the health and well-being of the Shuar.